This content is also available in:
“Open science is a means and not an end in itself and it is much more than just open access to publications or data; it includes many aspects and stages of research processes thus enabling full reproducibility and re-usability of scientific results.” (*)
(*) OECD (2015), “Making Open Science a Reality”, OECD Science Technology and Industry Policy Papers, No. 25, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jrs2f963zs1-en
The Sci-GaIA Open Science Platform
The Sci-GaIA project has developed and deployed a standard-based Open Science Platform that supports federated authentication.
Users can access a federated Open Science Platform to reproduce, re-use and publish their research products and link them to their ORCID profile to increase the visibility of both Science and scientists.
The Knowledge Base
The e-Infrastructure Knowledge Base (KB) is one of the largest existing e-Infrastructure related digital information systems. It currently contains information, gathered both from dedicated surveys and other web and documental sources, for largely more than half of the countries in the world.
The Open Access Repository
Open Access repositories are powered by Digital Asset Management Systems (DAMS), which are intertwined structures incorporating both software and hardware that take care of management tasks and decisions surrounding the ingestion, annotation, cataloguing, storage, retrieval and distribution of digital assets.
The Science Gateway
By definition, a Science Gateway is a "community-development set of tools, applications, and data that is integrated via a portal or a suite of applications, usually in a graphical user interface, that is further customized to meet the needs of a specific community".
The e-Infrastructure Forum
More than a “cold” set of rules, Open Science is an attitude in carrying out scientific research. So, in order to promote it, one has to openly discuss all aspects of science and research, especially when these rely on the use of modern e-Infrastructures.
The Online Courses
The Triangle of Knowledge “connects” Research & Development (R&D) to Education & Training (E&T) and to Innovation. e-Infrastructures are indeed powerful platforms to enable better and faster R&D and to enable Innovation but much less connections have been established so far to E&D.
Open Science
In the last 30 years or so, scientific computing has steadily evolved from centralized to a more distributed environments. This has been due to the concurrent availability of cost-effective “Commercial Of The Shelf” (COTS) components and decrease of costs of Local Area Networks.
Open Science Enablers
The Open Science vision can be implemented only if the “openness” paradigm becomes pervasive in day-by-day research.
Federated Access
All services of the Sci-GaIA Open Science Platform support federated identities. This means that users can sign in on all of them using the credentials given to them by their organisation. The services support the OASIS Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) standard and its Shibboleth and SimpleSAMLphp implementations.
Open Standards
An open standard “is a standard that is publicly available and has various rights to use associated with it, and may also have various properties of how it was designed (e.g. open process)”. There is no single definition and interpretations vary with usage. The terms open and standard have a wide range of meanings associated with their usage.
Open Access
Open Access refers to “online research outputs that are free of all restrictions on access (e.g., access tolls) and free of many restrictions on use (e.g. certain copyright and license restrictions)”. Open access can be applied to all forms of published research output, including peer-reviewed and non peer-reviewed academic journal articles, conference papers, theses, book chapters, and monographs.
Open Data
The definition of Open Data is compliant with the Open Definition and it can be summarized in the statement that "a piece of data is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike”.
Digital Object Identifiers
A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a serial code used to uniquely identify objects. The DOI system is particularly used for electronic documents such as journal articles and it is becoming popular also to uniquely tag datasets.
e-Infrastructure
The infrastructure school of thought “regards Open Science as a technological challenge” and one of its enablers is distributed computing, i.e. using the computing power of many peers (from large provider organisations to single individuals) for research.
Open Source
“In production and development, open source as a development model promotes universal access via an open-source or free license to a product's design or blueprint, and universal redistribution of that design or blueprint, including subsequent improvements to it by anyone”.
Citizen Science
Citizen Science (CS) “(also known as crowd science, crowd-sourced science, civic science, volunteer monitoring or networked science) is scientific research conducted, in whole or in part, by amateur or nonprofessional scientists”.
Open Educational Resources
Open Science Commons
The commons is “the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable earth”. These resources are held in common, not owned privately. The term "commons" derives from the traditional English legal term for common land, which are also known as "Commons".